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9. Contact - got a question about Ukrainians, or want to leave a comment then check out the sites contact page. Reputable companies have them and respond.
10. Payment - ready to pay for your Ukrainians, then use your credit card or PayPal! Be aware of companies that don't accept them, there may be genuine reasons but given the huge amount of choice you have when buying online there is no reason at all not to buy via credit card or PayPal.
{{Ethnic group||group =
Ukrainians(Українці)|image = |caption = Taras Shevchenko •
Nestor Makhno • Lesya Ukrainka • Bohdan Khmelnytsky
Stephen Timoshenko •
Alexander Dovzhenko •
Sergey Korolyov • Andriy Shevchenko|poptime = 44-45 million (2005 est.)|popplace = : 37,541,700|region1 = |pop1 = 2,942,961|ref1 = |region2 = |pop2 = 1,071,060|ref2 = Statistics include non-primary ancestry reports. "Ukrainians" being of partial descent figured in numbers.|region3 = |pop3 = 950,000|ref3 = |region4 = |pop4 = 890,000|ref4 = " Ancestry: 200"
United States Census Bureau. June 2004. Retrieved on
2007-08-05.] -
The World Factbook - [The World Factbook-[08-05.] - The World Factbook-[08-05.] - The World Factbook-[08-05.], Russian language|rels=Predominantly
Eastern Orthodox Church, with a
Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church minority. Various
Protestant churches have a growing presence among Ukrainians. Many consider themselves
Atheism.|related-c=Other Slavic peoples, especially East Slavs (
Belarusians,
Rusyns,
Russians)-->
Ukrainians (,
Ukrayintsi) are an
East Slavs ethnic group primarily living in Ukraine, or more broadly—
citizens of
Ukraine (who may or may not be ethnic Ukrainians).
Locations
Ukrainians are one of the largest European ethnic groups with a population of more than 44 million people worldwide. Most ethnic Ukrainians, about 37 million in total, live in
Ukraine where they make up over three-quarters of the population. The largest Ukrainian community outside of Ukraine is in
Russia, about 3 million Russian citizens consider themselves ethnic Ukrainians, while millions of others (primarily in
Southern Federal District and Siberia) have some Ukrainian ancestry.
There are also almost 2 million Ukrainians in North America (1,000,000 in
Canada and 890,000 in the United States). Large numbers of Ukrainians live in Brazil (950,000 - 1,000,000), Kazakhstan (about 500,000), Moldova (450,000), Poland (300,000), Belarus (250, 000),
Argentina (305,000), and Slovakia (55,000). There are also Ukrainian diasporas in Germany, Portugal (65,000),
UK, Romania,
Latvia and former
Yugoslavia.
Origins
Numerous nomadic tribes inhabited territories now known as Ukraine in antiquity. They included Iranian languages-speaking
Scythians and Sarmatians, and also Greeks from the Black Sea
Colonies in antiquity; Germanic-speaking
Goths and
Varangians as well as Turkic-speaking
Khazars,
Pechenegs and Cumans. However, Ukrainian origins are predominantly
Slavic peoples while non-Slavic nomads who mostly lived in the steppes of southern Ukraine had little influence on the ancestors of modern Ukrainians.For alternative views, see
Proto-Ukrainians.
Goths historian Jordanes and 6th century
Byzantine authors named two groups that lived on the south of Europe: sclavins (western slavs) and
anti. The Anti are normally identified with proto-Ukrainians. The name anti is of Iranic origin and means people living on the borderland. The state of Anti existed from the end of 4th to early 7th cen. In the 4th cen. the Anti fought against the Goths. In 375, Gothic king Vinitar, facing the Antis, first experienced defeat but later captured the king of Anti,
Bozh, whom he executed together with his sons and 70 aristocrats. Goths did not manage to subdue the Anti, since same year Gothic union fell from Hunns. From the 6th cen. Anti fought
Byzantium and in the 6-7 cen. colonised the
Balkan peninsula. From the end of 6th cen. they fought against the
Eurasian Avars. The Anti consisted of several
Early East Slavs tribes, such as:
which lived on the territory of today's Ukraine. Undoubtedly these 7 tribes merged to form ethnic group known today as Ukrainians. The Ukrainian language is an East Slavic language and Ukrainian people belong to the same subdivision of Slavs as
Rusyn (Ukrainian offshoot, as all Ukrainians were referred as Rusyns or Ruthenians before, from Kievan Rus' state of proto-Ukraine),
Russians (which emerged as vernacular from
Church Slavic language) and
Belarusians.
Slavic tribes inhabited modern-day lands of Ukraine since the ancient times and by the 5th century A.D. became dominant there and founded the city of Kiev—later capital of a powerful state known as Kievan Rus'. Kniaz
Vladimir I of Kiev adopted
Christianity in 988 and proceeded to Christianization of Kievan Rus'.
Polans (eastern) played the key role in formation of proto-Ukrainian Kievan Rus' state.
Among the native Ukrainian population of the
Carpathians, there are differentiated several distinct groups, namely the
Hutsuls, Lemkos and Boyko, each with peculiar area of settlement, dialect, dress, anthropological type and folk traditions. There are a number of theories as for origins each of these groups, some even connecting Boyky with the Celtic tribe of
Boii and Hutsuls with
Oghuz Turks people of Turkic stock.
Non-Slavic elements
It is argued that the oldest known population of Ukraine - Scythians and
Sarmatians were of Iranian stock. They inhabited Ukraine in 7 b.c. — 3 a.d. Absence of sounds
g (marking use of
h) and
f (often spelled as
khv in Ukrainian) in Ukrainian along with some folk traditions (as greeting with bread and salt, houses with straw-roof, popular through history selfdesigning terms Roxolany, Roxolana and Savromaty among Ukrainians) is attributed to ancient Scythian language and culture. Гринчук. Формування українського етносу (in Ukrainian)
Several other minor non-Slavic ethnic groups undoubtedly partially contributed to formation of Central Ukrainian ethnic type. These include a row of Turkic tribes, such as
Chorni Klobuky,
Berendei and Torks, who were settled along the river
Ros River and
Rusava and eventually all being absorbed by Ukrainians. Many Turkic place names in Ukraine as
Karabachyn,
Torets, Torky,
Berdychiv (lit. "of Berendychi" i.e. Berendei) remain in these areas. Likewise, a number of
Circassians (the oldest indigenous people of Northwest Caucasus) merged with and played some role in formation of Ukrainian ethnicity. So the city of Cherkasy traces its name and origin to a Circassian settlement. Some Turkic and Circassian elements can be traced in Ukrainian language, last names, culture etc.For
Circassians influence, see: Maksidov A.A. Families of the Adyghe peoples in Ukraine
In
Western Ukraine, ancient
Dacian influences can be traced. From the middle of the 1 st century (the peak period of Dacian society) until early 3 century, the left bank of the upper
Dniester was populated by the Dacian tribe of Costoboci (mentioned in Geography of Ptolomeus), who were the carriers of
Lipica culture (of
Verkhnya Lypytsya, Maydan Holohirskyy, Remezivtsi,
Voronyaky etc.) The Dacian roots of Lipica culture is evidenced by findings of ceramic types, burning burials, houses analogical to those of Dacians in Romania. Costoboci were the most northernmost branch of Thracodacians and bordered with the carriers of
Przeworsk culture to the north-west (i.e. Przeworsk culture settlement in
Pidberiztsi near Lviv),
Zarubintsy culture to the north who were all succeded by Chernyakhov culture. It is with Costoboci was the fight of
Roman Empire against the Free Dacians in the 2nd century mentioned in different written sources. In the beginning of 3rd century Dacian archeological elements in Upper Dniester disappear.В.М. Цигилик. Населення Верхнього Подністров’я перших століть нашої ери (Племена Липицької культури). Київ: Наукова Думка, 1975 (in Ukrainian)
So Roman chronicles of the 1st century report that in the Carpathians there was a Dacian tribe of
Karpi. Karp-At meant mountains of Karpi. From possible
Dacian meaning "mountains" may derive the name of people karpi—those who live in the mountains. At any case, the area of inhabitance of
Free Dacians covered western Ukraine, and besides Costoboci, to the northern Dacians belonged Anarti and
Teurisci. Ukrainian mountainiers Hutsuls, inhabiting the areas of old land of Free Dacians are often stated as being of Dacian stock. Archeologists also discovered several
Celtic settlements in
Zakarpattia Oblast of western Ukraine.
A large number of Polish colonists from the west, accompanied by
Jewish traders and artisans, during the times when Ukraine was subordinated to the Kingdom of Poland also had significant repercussions upon the origins of many Ukrainians. Many Ukrainians, especially in the west, have got one of their great-grandfathers or -grandmothers to be a Pole. There were numerous cases of Jewish conversion to Christian faith in Ukraine. Many Jews adopted the last name of their Christian godfathers or after the month in which they were converted. Many Jews intermarried with Ukrainians.
Though non-Slavic elements did have some impacts on the Ukrainians, as mentioned above, they are predominantly Slavs.
History
Ukraine had a very turbulent history, a fact explained by its geographical position. Up to the fifteenth century, Ukrainians were part of the Old East Slavic stock which also gave rise to the
Belarusians and
Russians. However, long history of separation and foreign influences have perceptibly reshaped their ethnolinguistic identity splitting them from the rest of East Slavs.
The history of independent statehood in Ukraine is started with the
Cossacks. The Cossacks of
Zaporizhzhia (region) since the late fifteenth century controlled the lower bends of the river Dnieper, between Russia, Poland and the Tatars of Crimea, with the fortified capital,
Zaporizhian Sich. They were formally recognized as a state, the Zaporozhian Host, by treaty with Poland in 1649.
to Sultan
Mehmed IV of Turkey. Painted by
Ilya Repin from 1880 to 1891.
Ukraine originally formed part of the
Grand Duchy of Lithuania and Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, later of the
Russian Empire,
Ottoman Empire and
Austro-Hungarian Empire empires,
Second Polish Republic and the Soviet Union, finally gaining its independence on August 24, 1991.
Modern Ukrainian national identity developed in opposition to foreign rule in the nineteenth century. In Russian Empire the use of the Ukrainian language was discouraged and banned at different times in history;For more information, see Russification. however, as many were illiterate, persecutions had little effect. The policy of persecution towards Ukrainians was even more pronounced in Poland.For more information, see Polonization. During the
Soviet era, the Ukrainian language was at times suppressed at others tolerated or even encouraged.
Millions of Ukrainians starved to death in a famine, known as the Holodomor.Available data is inconclusive as the Soviet government actively denied the existence of the famine. Therefore, precise calculations and estimates vary. Some historians claim Soviet authorities were responsible for nearly 10 million deaths of innocent men, women, and children killed by the deliberate famine in 1932-1933. Ukraine has declared the Holodomor to be an act of genocide.
Culture
Language
Ukrainian (украї́нська мо́ва,
ukrayins'ka mova, ) is a language of the East Slavic languages of the Slavic languages. It is the
official language of Ukraine. Written Ukrainian uses a
Cyrillic alphabet. The language shares some vocabulary with the languages of the neighboring
Slavic people, most notably with Belarusian language,
Polish language,
Russian language and
Slovak language.
The Ukrainian language traces its origins to the
Old East Slavic language of the medieval state of Kievan Rus'. In its earlier stages it was called Ruthenian or Little Russian. Ukrainian, along with other East Slavic languages, is a lineal descendant of the colloquial language used in Kievan Rus' (10th–13th century).
The language has persisted despite several periods of bans and/or discouragement throughout centuries as it has always nevertheless maintained a sufficient base among the people of Ukraine, its folklore songs, kobzar, and prominent authors.
Religion
in Kiev. The monastery is administered by the
Ukrainian Orthodox Church - Kiev Patriarchate.
Ukrainians are predominantly of the
Eastern Orthodoxy faith. In eastern and southern Ukraine most common is the canonically recognised
Ukrainian Orthodox Church - Moscow Patriarchate an autonomous Church from the Moscow Patriarchate. Central and western Ukraine show some support to the unrecognised
Ukrainian Orthodox Church - Kiev Patriarchate headed by
Patriarch Filaret (Mykhailo Denysenko). Some Ukrainians especially in the Western region of
Galicia (Central Europe), belong to the
Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church, one of the Eastern Rite Catholic Churches. Various
Protestant churches as well have a growing presence among Ukrainians.For more information, see
History of Christianity in Ukraine and
Religion in Ukraine There are also ethnic minorities practicing Judaism and
Islam.
Dance
.
Ukrainian dance refers to the traditional
folk dances of the peoples of Ukraine. Today, Ukrainian dance is primarily represented by what Ethnography,
Folklore and dance historians refer to as "Ukrainian Folk-Stage Dances", which are stylized representations of traditional dances and their characteristic movements that have been choreographed for
concert dance performances. This stylized art form has so permeated the
culture of Ukraine, that very few purely traditional forms of Ukrainian dance remain today.
Ukrainian Dance is often described as energetic, fast-paced, and entertaining, and along with traditional Easter eggs (
pysanky), it is a characteristic example of Ukrainian culture instantly recognized and highly appreciated throughout the world.
Symbols
..
The national symbols of the Ukrainians are the Flag of Ukraine and the
Coat of arms of Ukraine.
The national flag of Ukraine is a blue and yellow bicolor rectangle. The color fields are of same form and equal size. The color fields are of same form and equal size. The colors of the flag represent a blue sky above yellow fields of wheat.
The
Coat of arms of Ukraine features the same colours found on the
Flag of Ukraine: a blue shield with yellow trident—the symbol of ancient Slavic people tribes that once lived in Ukraine, later adopted by
Ruthenians and Kievan Rus rulers.
See also
References
Footnotes
Sources
Online sources
- "How Rusyns Became Ukrainians", Zerkalo Nedeli (the Mirror Weekly), July, 2005. Available online in Russian and in Ukrainian.
- "When Was the Ukrainian Nation Born", Zerkalo Nedeli (the Mirror Weekly), April 23 - May 6, 2005. Available online in Russian and in Ukrainian.
- 'We are more "Russian" then them', the History of Myths and Sensations, Zerkalo Nedeli (the Mirror Weekly), January 27 - February 2, 2001. Available online in Russian and in Ukrainian.
- External Migration - the Main Cause of Ethnically non-Ukrainian Population in Modern Ukraine. Zerkalo Nedeli (the Mirror Weekly), January 26 - February 1, 2002. Available online in Russian and in Ukrainian.
- Halyna Lozko, "Ukrainian ethnology. Ethnographic division of Ukraine" (in Ukrainian). Available online.
External links
- Ukrainians - Encyclopeadia of Ukraine
- Ukrainians - World Distribution map
-
-
{{Ethnic group||group =
Ukrainians(Українці)|image = |caption = Taras Shevchenko • Nestor Makhno • Lesya Ukrainka • Bohdan KhmelnytskyStephen Timoshenko •
Alexander Dovzhenko •
Sergey Korolyov •
Andriy Shevchenko|poptime = 44-45 million (2005 est.)|popplace = : 37,541,700|region1 = |pop1 = 2,942,961|ref1 = |region2 = |pop2 = 1,071,060|ref2 = Statistics include non-primary ancestry reports. "Ukrainians" being of partial descent figured in numbers.|region3 = |pop3 = 950,000|ref3 = |region4 = |pop4 = 890,000|ref4 = " Ancestry: 200"
United States Census Bureau. June 2004. Retrieved on
2007-
08-05.] - The World Factbook - [The World Factbook-[08-05.] - The World Factbook-[08-05.] - The World Factbook-[08-05.],
Russian language|rels=Predominantly
Eastern Orthodox Church, with a
Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church minority. Various
Protestant churches have a growing presence among Ukrainians. Many consider themselves
Atheism.|related-c=Other
Slavic peoples, especially
East Slavs (Belarusians, Rusyns,
Russians)-->
Ukrainians (,
Ukrayintsi) are an East Slavs
ethnic group primarily living in Ukraine, or more broadly—
citizens of
Ukraine (who may or may not be ethnic Ukrainians).
Locations
Ukrainians are one of the largest European ethnic groups with a population of more than 44 million people worldwide. Most ethnic Ukrainians, about 37 million in total, live in Ukraine where they make up over three-quarters of the population. The largest Ukrainian community outside of Ukraine is in Russia, about 3 million Russian citizens consider themselves ethnic Ukrainians, while millions of others (primarily in
Southern Federal District and Siberia) have some Ukrainian ancestry.
There are also almost 2 million Ukrainians in North America (1,000,000 in Canada and 890,000 in the
United States). Large numbers of Ukrainians live in
Brazil (950,000 - 1,000,000),
Kazakhstan (about 500,000),
Moldova (450,000), Poland (300,000),
Belarus (250, 000), Argentina (305,000), and
Slovakia (55,000). There are also Ukrainian diasporas in
Germany,
Portugal (65,000), UK,
Romania, Latvia and former
Yugoslavia.
Origins
Numerous nomadic tribes inhabited territories now known as Ukraine in antiquity. They included Iranian languages-speaking
Scythians and Sarmatians, and also
Greeks from the Black Sea Colonies in antiquity; Germanic-speaking Goths and
Varangians as well as Turkic-speaking Khazars, Pechenegs and
Cumans. However, Ukrainian origins are predominantly
Slavic peoples while non-Slavic nomads who mostly lived in the steppes of southern Ukraine had little influence on the ancestors of modern Ukrainians.For alternative views, see Proto-Ukrainians.
Goths historian Jordanes and 6th century Byzantine authors named two groups that lived on the south of Europe: sclavins (western slavs) and anti. The Anti are normally identified with proto-Ukrainians. The name anti is of Iranic origin and means people living on the borderland. The state of Anti existed from the end of 4th to early 7th cen. In the 4th cen. the Anti fought against the
Goths. In 375, Gothic king
Vinitar, facing the Antis, first experienced defeat but later captured the king of Anti, Bozh, whom he executed together with his sons and 70 aristocrats. Goths did not manage to subdue the Anti, since same year Gothic union fell from Hunns. From the 6th cen. Anti fought Byzantium and in the 6-7 cen. colonised the
Balkan peninsula. From the end of 6th cen. they fought against the Eurasian Avars. The Anti consisted of several
Early East Slavs tribes, such as:
which lived on the territory of today's Ukraine. Undoubtedly these 7 tribes merged to form ethnic group known today as Ukrainians. The Ukrainian language is an East Slavic language and Ukrainian people belong to the same subdivision of Slavs as
Rusyn (Ukrainian offshoot, as all Ukrainians were referred as Rusyns or Ruthenians before, from Kievan Rus' state of proto-Ukraine), Russians (which emerged as vernacular from Church Slavic language) and Belarusians.
Slavic tribes inhabited modern-day lands of Ukraine since the ancient times and by the 5th century A.D. became dominant there and founded the city of
Kiev—later capital of a powerful state known as
Kievan Rus'.
Kniaz Vladimir I of Kiev adopted
Christianity in 988 and proceeded to
Christianization of Kievan Rus'.
Polans (eastern) played the key role in formation of proto-Ukrainian Kievan Rus' state.
Among the native Ukrainian population of the
Carpathians, there are differentiated several distinct groups, namely the Hutsuls,
Lemkos and Boyko, each with peculiar area of settlement, dialect, dress, anthropological type and folk traditions. There are a number of theories as for origins each of these groups, some even connecting Boyky with the Celtic tribe of
Boii and Hutsuls with
Oghuz Turks people of Turkic stock.
Non-Slavic elements
It is argued that the oldest known population of Ukraine -
Scythians and
Sarmatians were of Iranian stock. They inhabited Ukraine in 7 b.c. — 3 a.d. Absence of sounds
g (marking use of
h) and
f (often spelled as
khv in Ukrainian) in Ukrainian along with some folk traditions (as greeting with bread and salt, houses with straw-roof, popular through history selfdesigning terms Roxolany, Roxolana and Savromaty among Ukrainians) is attributed to ancient Scythian language and culture. Гринчук. Формування українського етносу (in Ukrainian)
Several other minor non-Slavic ethnic groups undoubtedly partially contributed to formation of Central Ukrainian ethnic type. These include a row of Turkic tribes, such as Chorni Klobuky, Berendei and Torks, who were settled along the river Ros River and
Rusava and eventually all being absorbed by Ukrainians. Many Turkic place names in Ukraine as
Karabachyn, Torets,
Torky,
Berdychiv (lit. "of Berendychi" i.e.
Berendei) remain in these areas. Likewise, a number of
Circassians (the oldest indigenous people of Northwest Caucasus) merged with and played some role in formation of Ukrainian ethnicity. So the city of
Cherkasy traces its name and origin to a Circassian settlement. Some Turkic and Circassian elements can be traced in Ukrainian language, last names, culture etc.For Circassians influence, see: Maksidov A.A. Families of the Adyghe peoples in Ukraine
In
Western Ukraine, ancient
Dacian influences can be traced. From the middle of the 1 st century (the peak period of Dacian society) until early 3 century, the left bank of the upper Dniester was populated by the Dacian tribe of
Costoboci (mentioned in Geography of Ptolomeus), who were the carriers of Lipica culture (of Verkhnya Lypytsya, Maydan Holohirskyy,
Remezivtsi,
Voronyaky etc.) The Dacian roots of Lipica culture is evidenced by findings of ceramic types, burning burials, houses analogical to those of Dacians in Romania.
Costoboci were the most northernmost branch of Thracodacians and bordered with the carriers of Przeworsk culture to the north-west (i.e. Przeworsk culture settlement in Pidberiztsi near
Lviv),
Zarubintsy culture to the north who were all succeded by Chernyakhov culture. It is with
Costoboci was the fight of
Roman Empire against the
Free Dacians in the 2nd century mentioned in different written sources. In the beginning of 3rd century Dacian archeological elements in Upper Dniester disappear.В.М. Цигилик. Населення Верхнього Подністров’я перших століть нашої ери (Племена Липицької культури). Київ: Наукова Думка, 1975 (in Ukrainian)
So Roman chronicles of the 1st century report that in the
Carpathians there was a Dacian tribe of
Karpi. Karp-At meant mountains of Karpi. From possible
Dacian meaning "mountains" may derive the name of people karpi—those who live in the mountains. At any case, the area of inhabitance of
Free Dacians covered western Ukraine, and besides Costoboci, to the northern Dacians belonged Anarti and
Teurisci. Ukrainian mountainiers Hutsuls, inhabiting the areas of old land of Free Dacians are often stated as being of Dacian stock. Archeologists also discovered several Celtic settlements in Zakarpattia Oblast of western Ukraine.
A large number of Polish colonists from the west, accompanied by Jewish traders and artisans, during the times when Ukraine was subordinated to the Kingdom of Poland also had significant repercussions upon the origins of many Ukrainians. Many Ukrainians, especially in the west, have got one of their great-grandfathers or -grandmothers to be a Pole. There were numerous cases of Jewish conversion to Christian faith in Ukraine. Many Jews adopted the last name of their Christian godfathers or after the month in which they were converted. Many Jews intermarried with Ukrainians.
Though non-Slavic elements did have some impacts on the Ukrainians, as mentioned above, they are predominantly Slavs.
History
Ukraine had a very turbulent history, a fact explained by its geographical position. Up to the fifteenth century, Ukrainians were part of the Old East Slavic stock which also gave rise to the
Belarusians and Russians. However, long history of separation and foreign influences have perceptibly reshaped their ethnolinguistic identity splitting them from the rest of East Slavs.
The history of independent statehood in Ukraine is started with the
Cossacks. The Cossacks of
Zaporizhzhia (region) since the late fifteenth century controlled the lower bends of the river Dnieper, between Russia, Poland and the Tatars of Crimea, with the fortified capital, Zaporizhian Sich. They were formally recognized as a state, the
Zaporozhian Host, by treaty with Poland in 1649.
to Sultan
Mehmed IV of Turkey. Painted by
Ilya Repin from 1880 to 1891.
Ukraine originally formed part of the
Grand Duchy of Lithuania and Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, later of the
Russian Empire,
Ottoman Empire and
Austro-Hungarian Empire empires, Second Polish Republic and the
Soviet Union, finally gaining its independence on
August 24,
1991.
Modern Ukrainian national identity developed in opposition to foreign rule in the nineteenth century. In Russian Empire the use of the Ukrainian language was discouraged and banned at different times in history;For more information, see
Russification. however, as many were illiterate, persecutions had little effect. The policy of persecution towards Ukrainians was even more pronounced in Poland.For more information, see Polonization. During the Soviet era, the Ukrainian language was at times suppressed at others tolerated or even encouraged.
Millions of Ukrainians starved to death in a famine, known as the Holodomor.Available data is inconclusive as the Soviet government actively denied the existence of the famine. Therefore, precise calculations and estimates vary. Some historians claim Soviet authorities were responsible for nearly 10 million deaths of innocent men, women, and children killed by the deliberate famine in 1932-1933. Ukraine has declared the Holodomor to be an act of genocide.
Culture
Language
Ukrainian (украї́нська мо́ва,
ukrayins'ka mova, ) is a language of the
East Slavic languages of the
Slavic languages. It is the
official language of Ukraine. Written Ukrainian uses a
Cyrillic alphabet. The language shares some vocabulary with the languages of the neighboring
Slavic people, most notably with
Belarusian language, Polish language, Russian language and
Slovak language.
The Ukrainian language traces its origins to the Old East Slavic language of the medieval state of Kievan Rus'. In its earlier stages it was called Ruthenian or Little Russian. Ukrainian, along with other East Slavic languages, is a lineal descendant of the colloquial language used in Kievan Rus' (10th–13th century).
The language has persisted despite several periods of bans and/or discouragement throughout centuries as it has always nevertheless maintained a sufficient base among the people of Ukraine, its folklore songs, kobzar, and prominent authors.
Religion
in
Kiev. The monastery is administered by the
Ukrainian Orthodox Church - Kiev Patriarchate.
Ukrainians are predominantly of the Eastern Orthodoxy faith. In eastern and southern Ukraine most common is the canonically recognised Ukrainian Orthodox Church - Moscow Patriarchate an autonomous Church from the
Moscow Patriarchate. Central and western Ukraine show some support to the unrecognised
Ukrainian Orthodox Church - Kiev Patriarchate headed by Patriarch Filaret (Mykhailo Denysenko). Some Ukrainians especially in the Western region of Galicia (Central Europe), belong to the
Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church, one of the Eastern Rite Catholic Churches. Various
Protestant churches as well have a growing presence among Ukrainians.For more information, see
History of Christianity in Ukraine and Religion in Ukraine There are also ethnic minorities practicing
Judaism and
Islam.
Dance
.
Ukrainian dance refers to the traditional
folk dances of the peoples of Ukraine. Today, Ukrainian dance is primarily represented by what
Ethnography, Folklore and dance historians refer to as "Ukrainian Folk-Stage Dances", which are stylized representations of traditional dances and their characteristic movements that have been choreographed for concert dance performances. This stylized art form has so permeated the
culture of Ukraine, that very few purely traditional forms of Ukrainian dance remain today.
Ukrainian Dance is often described as energetic, fast-paced, and entertaining, and along with traditional Easter eggs (
pysanky), it is a characteristic example of Ukrainian culture instantly recognized and highly appreciated throughout the world.
Symbols
..
The national symbols of the Ukrainians are the Flag of Ukraine and the Coat of arms of Ukraine.
The national flag of Ukraine is a blue and yellow bicolor rectangle. The color fields are of same form and equal size. The color fields are of same form and equal size. The colors of the flag represent a blue sky above yellow fields of wheat.
The
Coat of arms of Ukraine features the same colours found on the Flag of Ukraine: a blue shield with yellow trident—the symbol of ancient
Slavic people tribes that once lived in Ukraine, later adopted by Ruthenians and Kievan Rus rulers.
See also
References
Footnotes
Sources
Online sources
- "How Rusyns Became Ukrainians", Zerkalo Nedeli (the Mirror Weekly), July, 2005. Available online in Russian and in Ukrainian.
- "When Was the Ukrainian Nation Born", Zerkalo Nedeli (the Mirror Weekly), April 23 - May 6, 2005. Available online in Russian and in Ukrainian.
- 'We are more "Russian" then them', the History of Myths and Sensations, Zerkalo Nedeli (the Mirror Weekly), January 27 - February 2, 2001. Available online in Russian and in Ukrainian.
- External Migration - the Main Cause of Ethnically non-Ukrainian Population in Modern Ukraine. Zerkalo Nedeli (the Mirror Weekly), January 26 - February 1, 2002. Available online in Russian and in Ukrainian.
- Halyna Lozko, "Ukrainian ethnology. Ethnographic division of Ukraine" (in Ukrainian). Available online.
External links
- Ukrainians - Encyclopeadia of Ukraine
- Ukrainians - World Distribution map
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Ukrainians - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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